I have been an advisor for some time. I don't even think I have been very good at it for reasons explained below. I would do some things much different if I were starting today. Due to level of debt by the country etc and other things I am NOT accepting any new clients. I don't think navigating the financial future will be easy. In fact I think it will be near impossible. I also will not recommend anyone so please don't ask. The ONLY reason i'm responding is I know alot of people need help and don't understand the industry at all. What you read here is my opinion based on my experience in the industry. You have to make your own decisions and since everyone's situation is different do not construe what I say as advice. Maybe I'll write a book some day. Here goes:
It doesn't matter where they work for most part except certain institutions (yes banks and Insurance companies and others) often limit what they allow their advisors to invest in. They put you in a box that they think fits you. If it is determined you should be in a e 60/40 (stocks/fixed income) you will be in same box as everyone else with that mix...meaning you'll have the same investments. Almost all will have you overdiversified. Overdiversification is the springboard to underperformance (Warren Buffet and I agree on that). Many of them will use institutional or proprietary funds and try to sell you other products under their umbrella. There are good advisors at those places despite their restrictions. Institutional advisors are almost all "buy and hold" advisors and most can't even tell you what companies make up their funds. Independents or non captive advisors have much more flexibility but that can be dangerous too depending on your situation and risk tolerance. They, in my opinion, are more likely help you avoid big losses because they may be open to not just "buy and hold" strategies. They don't have the same restrictions of working with same fund companies. They should be able to use any and all for most part. If they recommend an annuity, they will likely have access to almost all companies and know how to compare to find you the best assuming they know what they are doing. "Buy and hold" has been effective for most for several decades with same caveats I won't discuss. I'm not sure that it will be better going forward.
Here are some things i've learned many people won't like:
- The stock market is rigged against individual investors. Institutional buyers/sellers (pension funds etc), hedge funds, day traders, option houses, consortium of short sellers etc all have huge advantages over retail investors and retail advisors. They can have huge impacts on markets swings and even bigger impacts on individual stocks etc. They decide in many cases what goes up and down and when, they often have inside information, and have huge timing advantages. You may say "yea everybody knows that" but it is to a much larger degree that most could imagine. Think of them as the "house" in a casino operation.
- Modern portfolio theory is a joke and so is ESG investing.
- I estimate 90%+ of general public doesn't understand investing to the extent that they should if they are investing at all. They don't know the right questions to ask, when to ask them, and how to ask them. Thus they have no idea about how to evaluate the answers. The line from movie "Wall Street" that "those boys don't know preferred stock from livestock" is more true than most would believe.
- Most advisors don't know what they don't know. Meaning the institutional advisors and some indy's all believe the products they use are the best. That is because most use a limited number of things mentioned above and it's all they know.
- The graphs and charts they show you are pretty much just for your piece of mind and mostly bs. You likely won't remember what any of it means or ever refer to it outside your meetings.
- The majority of target mutual fund (2030 fund for example) options in 401k etc are subpar. Too many companies in their funds, too much crossover/overlap, and due to rules about funds, each option generally has some good funds, some middle road, and some bad funds. That leads to underperformance in up and down markets.
- For all of these reasons and more, most advisors and their products rarely, if ever, beat the indexes and that is before fees. If you have a 60/40 mix and you just put the 60% in an SP500 index ETF and 40% in an aggregate bond index ETF you will most likely beat the performance of whatever the hodgepodge of investments your advisor puts you in over just about any period of time. But remember, a big part of their job is to manage your risk tolerance and emotions. Not to overreact or underreact to things going on. Performance is just one metric.
So the key, in my opinion, is to find someone you like but especially trust...no matter where they work. Someone open to things that are best for you and not just them. If an advisor says "I don't like annuities" for example I would steer clear of them because annuities in this environment can be one of best options for retirement income for SOME people. Someone capable of thinking outside the box for your situation. Someone you feel like is accessible almost 24/7 and not just an annual or semi annual meeting if YOU want more communication. I mean if you can call your advisor about a subject that goes beyond the financial ramifications to your account and say, "I'm thinking about buying a car, can we talk through the advantages and disadvantages of doing so at this time and whether new or used is better etc". This is a good advisor. Fees should be reasonable. Anything over say 1.5% is likely not value warranted in my opinion unless they are outperforming consistently. If you like your current advisor and what they have done for you there is no real reason to allow some person off the street to evaluate your portfolio. It's easy to poke holes in anything without an apples to apples comparison. Someone capable of keeping it simple. Like I said, most won't beat the indexes anyway. Pray about your decisions.